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主語從句的3種常用基本結構

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主語從句的3種常用基本結構

用作主語的從句叫做主語從句,引導主語從句的關聯詞主要有三類

1、從屬連詞that

That he finished the work in time surprised me.他準時完成了工作,讓我吃驚

2、從屬連詞whether

Whether he‘ll come here isn’t clear.他是否會來這裏還不清楚

3、連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever以及連接副詞where,when,how,why

What she did is not yet our interest.她幹了什麼我們並不關心

When they will be back does not matter much.他們什麼時候回來關係不大

有時候可以用形式主語it代替主語從句,就是將it放在句首,將主語從句放在句尾,以避免句子頭重腳輕

It surprised me that he finished the work in time.他及時完成了工作,真讓我吃驚

常用it做形式主語,而不將主語從句放在句首的句型主要有以下幾種:

第一、It+be+形容詞(obvious,ture,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable等)+that引導的主句從句

It is likely that the sport meets will be postponed until next week.很有可能運動會會延遲到下星期舉行

第二、如果有主語從句的句子整體上是被動結構,句子常用形式主語的形式,這時句子的結構是:

It+be+過去分詞(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged等)+that引導的主語從句

It is decided that the action is canceled.已經均定取消行動

第三、It+be+名詞詞組(no wonder,an honour,a good thing,a pity,no surprise等)+that引動的主語從句

It is a pity that you did not finish the job on time.真遺憾,你沒有按時完成任務

第四、It+doesn't matter(make no difference等)+連接代詞或連接副詞引導的主語從句

It will not make any difference who raised the question.問題是誰提出的無關緊要

第五、當that引導的主語從句出現在疑問句中時,要以it作形式主語,而把主語從句後置

Isn‘t it strange that he comes all by himself他一個人來,不是很奇怪嗎

第六、全句如果是感嘆句,必須用形式主語

What a surprise it is that he came out first.多麼讓人驚訝啊,他得了第一名

第七、It seems/appears/happens等+that從句

It appears that the drought in Kansas has become less serious.

但應該注意的是在what引導的主句從句表示“......東西”的時候,一般不用形式主語,而將主語從句放在句首,這時的what相當於“the thing (that)”

What you see may well be true.你說的可能是真的

What he needs is more time.他需要更多的時間