英語中常用的關係代詞有:which、that、who、whom、whose。根據這些代詞在句中的句法功能,可以把它們分爲主格、賓格和所有格三類,即:
主格:which、that、who
賓格:which、that、who、whom
所有格:whose
which引導定語從句時,在從句中既可以作主語,也可以做賓語。如:
Yesterday I lost the book which my English teacher had given me as a birthday gift. (作賓語)
Yesterday I lost the book which had been given to me by my English teacher as a birthday gift. (作主語)