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語法意義相同的句子舉例

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語法意義相同的句子舉例

語法一致原則:

1、 以單數名詞或代詞、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句作主語時,謂語動詞一般用單數形式主語爲複數時,謂語動詞用複數形式。

如:His father is working on the farm. 

To study English well is not easy. 

What he said is very important for us all. The children were in the classroom two hours ago. 

Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes

這一原則是指,從意義着眼來解決主謂一致問題。

有時主語形式上爲單數,但意義上卻是複數,那麼謂語依意義也用複數形式

而有時主語形式上爲複數,但意義上卻是單數,那麼謂語依意義亦用單數形式。

1、 當主語後面接由but, except, besides ,as well as, as much as, including,more than,no less than, rather than, together with等引導的詞組時,其謂語動詞的單複數形式通常由前面的詞來決定。

在這樣的句子裏,這些詞所引導的詞組不影響主語自身的單,複數形式,它們在句子裏其實是狀語.

例如:

The teacher, with all his students, is going to have a picnic this weekend.

老師打算這個週末與學生們一起去野炊.

The students, together with their teacher,are going to have a picnic this weekend.

學生們打算這個週末與他們的老師一起去野炊.

2,由連接詞and或both …… and連接起來的合成主語後面,要用複數形式的謂語動詞。

如:Lucy and Lily are twins. 

She and I are classmates. 

The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. 

Both she and he are Young Pioneers.

1、 形式上雖爲單數,但意義爲複數名詞,如the police, people, cattle等作主語時,謂語動詞用複數。如:

Cattle eat grass. 牛吃草。

The police were called in. 警察被召來了。

注:people 作“民族”解時,其單數形式爲people,複數形式爲peoples,作主語時,應用語法一致原則。如:

The Chinese people is a great people. 中華民族是一個偉大的民族。

56 peoples make up the big family of China. 56個民族構成中國這個大家庭。

2、 主語是指一類人的“the+形容詞(或過去分詞)”時,謂語動詞通常用複數,這類詞有:the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed等。另外,像the Chinese, the British, the Irish等表示一個國家或民族的人的總稱,作主語時,謂語動詞也用複數。如:

The injured were taken to hospital. 受傷的人都送進了醫院。

The English do not drink much wine. 英國人不喝很多酒。

3、 形式上爲複數,而意義上卻是單數的名詞,如news, mathematics, physics,politics, economics及以s結尾的書名、國名等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數。如:

Mathematics is the language of science. 數學是科學語言。

His “Selected Poems” was first published in 1965. 他的詩歌選集最早是1965年出版的。